The definition of a derivative is give as the limit of the difference quotient:
h→0limhf(x+h)−f(x)
If we compare corresponding parts,
f(x)=arcsin(a)
Using our knowledge of the derivative of the arcsin function:
f′(x)=1−x21
Setting this equal to 2 and using the variable a:
2=1−a21
21−a2=1
1−a2=41
a2=43
a=±23