Individuals with an inherited autosomal recessive disorder called primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) often have severe respiratory problems due to defective cilia. Males with PCD are often sterile because they produce sperm with defective flagella. Which of the following most likely explains the effect of the recessive allele?

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Flagella are structures that facilitate cell movement. Damage to the motor proteins will cause flagella to function incorrectly.

The mitochondria do not produce proteins for shipment to other parts of the cell.

The permeability of carbon dioxide does not significantly impact the function of flagella.

The golgi bodies do not secrete destructive enzymes to specific cell parts. They would go through vesicles to another organelle in the endomembrane system.